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Overview Of Hernia
When an organ or fatty tissue compress through a weak spot in a around muscle or tissue known as fascia Hernia happens. The types of hernia are:
- Epigastric hernia : is occurs in the epigastric region of the abdomen, which is located above the belly button and below the ribcage.If you have an epigastric hernia, you may be able to feel it when there is pressure on the abdominal wall, Like: when you laugh, cough, or bear down to have a bowel movement.You may also have pain or tenderness around the hernia.
- Femoral hernia (outer groin) : This happen when tissue pushes through a weak point in the groin or inner thigh. The hernia feels like a small to medium sized lump in the groin.
- Hiatal hernia (upper stomach) : This condition can occurs when a person’s stomach bulges or lumps through a weak point in the diaphragm, a muscle that separates the lungs from the abdominal organs.
If you have a hiatal hernia, mostly you have problems with acid reflux.
Few people are born with a hiatal hernia.
- Incisional hernia (resulting from an incision): This Happens through an incision or scar in the abdomen
- Inguinal hernia (inner groin): occurs at the inner groin.
- Umbilical hernia (belly button): occurs at the belly button
Symptoms
- The symptom of a hernia is a bulge or lump in the affected area.
- Pain or Discomfort in the area around the lump may also be present.
- Heartburn
- Difficulty in swallowing
- Upper abdominal pain
- Constipation
Risks Factors
- Family history of hernia
- Obesity
- Due to Pregnancy
- Heavy weight lifting, straining, coughing, smoking
- Chronic lung infections
- Previous abdominal surgery can lead to a possible hernia
- Collagen disorders
Benefits
- Hernias are usually symptomatic, so by repairing or treated them, you’ll get rid the pain or other symptoms.
- Other benefit of doing hernia surgery, you are preventing problems in future with strangulation or obstruction that would necessitate emergency surgery to repair.
Procedures Of Hernia
Hernia repairs are common:
Non-Surgical : - Your surgeon will see the hernia and make sure that it’s not getting larger or causing any complications. Even though surgery is the only treatment that can repair hernias, mostly surgical procedures are elective for adult inguinal hernias. Observant waiting is an option for people who do not have Problem or symptoms with their hernias, and if recommended by their surgeon.
Surgical :
Laparoscopic : - The surgeon makes some small incisions (cut) within the abdomen that allow surgical tools into the openings to repair the hernia. Laparoscopic surgeries are often performed with or without surgical mesh.
Open Repair : - The surgeon makes several incision near the hernia and the weak muscle area is repaired. Open repair can be performed with or without surgical mesh.
Post Procedures Of Hernia
Patients should be help full to take any prescribed tablets for pain only if they need them. Avoid prescribing tablets that contain codeine (e.g: Co-codamol). Paracetamol is almost as effective. Other non steroidals (drugs: Naproxen, Voltarol) are fine providing there are no contraindications.
A slight rise in body temperature may keep continue for a day or so after the operation irrespective of the type of anesthetic used. After Operation the patient should do Bath Every day or else should do sponge bath every day. Through plastic dressing will protect the wound and can be peeled off after 3-7 days. Clean bath water will do the wound/incision/cut no harm at all.
There may be damage and hardness or a sensation of a ‘rope’ beneath the incision (after an open mesh repair). In addition there may be swelling and discoloring in the genital region. This will all retreated in time and patients should be comfort. After a laparoscopic repair the patient may feel that the hernia is still there but this sensation further improves with time. Scrotal swelling can be alarming irrespective of the type of repair, specifically if the hernia was large or inguino scrotal, and again patients should be reassured. If the swelling is increases then a seroma should be evaluate which may need aspiration and contacting the surgeon is guided..
Infection:
Fortunately this is not common. The majority of wounds are ‘inflamed’ after surgery and antibiotics are not required. Many surgeons may give a single dose of an proper antibiotic to minimize any chance of infection even though this is not evidence based.
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